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填空题 Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions26to35 are based on the following passage.
When considering risk factors associated with serious chronic diseases, we often think about health indicators such as cholesterol, blood pressure, and body weight. But poor diet and physical inactivity also each increase the risk of heart disease and have a role to play in the development of some cancers. Perhaps worse, the _ effects of an unhealthy diet and insufficient exercise are not limited to your body. Recent research has also shown that in a high-fat and high-sugar diet may have negative effects on your brain, causing learning and memory . Studies have found obesity is associated with impairments in cognitive functioning, as by a range of learning and memory tests, such as the ability to remember a list of words presented some minutes or hours earlier. There is also a growing body of evidence that diet-induced cognitive impairments can emerge —within weeks or even days. For example, one study found healthy adults to a high-fat diet for five days showed impaired attention, memory, and mood compared with a low-fat diet control group. Another study also found eating a high-fat and highsugar breakfast each day for as little as four days resulted in problems with learning and memory _ to those observed in overweight and obese individuals. Body weight was not hugely different between the groups eating a healthy diet and those on high fat and sugar diets. So this shows negative of poor dietary intake can occur even when body weight has not changed _. Thus, body weight is not always the best indicator of health and a thin person still needs to eat well and exercise .
A) assessed

B) assigned
C) consequences
D) conspicuously
E) deficits
F) designated
G) detrimental
H) digestion
I) excelling
J) indulging
K) loopholes
L) rapidly
M) redundant
N) regularly
O) similar


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填空题 Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions:xa0In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item onxa0Answer Sheet 2xa0with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions26to35 are based on the following passage.
A) adverse
B) championed

D) contrary
E) contribute
F) intimate
G) lumped
H) magnified
I) minimum
J) radiating C clinical
K) ration
L) shooting
M) subscribe
N) systematic
O) weighing
Pasta is no longer off the menu, after a new review of studies suggested that the carbohydrate can form part of a healthy diet, and even help people lose weight. For years, nutritionists have recommended that pasta be kept to a , to cut calories, prevent fat build-up and stop blood sugar _up. The low-carbohydrate food movement gave birth to such diets as the Atkins, Paleo and Keto, which advised swapping foods like bread, pasta and potatoes for vegetables, fish and meat. More recently the trend of swapping spaghetti for vegetables has been by clean-eating experts. But now a review and analysis of 30studies by Canadian researchers found that not only does pasta not cause weight gain, but three meals a week can help people drop more than half a kilogram over four months. The reviewers found that pasta had been unfairly demonized (妖魔化) because it had been in with other, more fat-promoting carbohydrates. “The study found that pasta didn’t to weight gain or increase in body fat,” said lead author Dr John Sievenpiper. “In the evidence, we can now say with some confidence that pasta does not have an _effect on body weigh outcomes when it is consumed as part of a healthy dietary pattern.” In fact, analysis actually showed a small weigh loss. So to concerns, perhaps pasta can be part of a healthy diet Those involved in the trials on average ate 3.3 servings of pasta a week instead of other carbohydrates, one serving equaling around half a cup. They lost around half a kilogram over an average follow-up of 12 weeks.

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填空题 Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
The idea of taxing things that are bad for society has a powerful allure. It offers the possibility of a double benefit— harmful activities, while also providing the government with revenue. Take sin taxes. Taxes on alcohol make it more expensive to get drunk, which reduces excessive drinking and driving. At the same time, they provide state and local governments with billions of dollars of revenue. Tobacco taxes, which generate more than twice as much, have proven in the decline of smoking, which has saved millions of lives. Taxes can also be an important tool for environmental protection, and many economists say taxing carbon would be the best way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Economic theory says that unlike income or sales taxes, carbon taxes can actually increase economic efficiency; because companies that __ _ carbon dioxide into the sky don’t pay the costs of the climate change they cause, carbon taxes would restore the proper to the market. In reality, carbon taxes alone won’t be enough to halt global warming, but they would be a useful part of any climate plan. What’s more, the revenue from this tax, which would be hundreds of billions of dollars per year, could be handed out to citizens as a or used to fund green infrastructure projects. Similarly, a wealth tax has been put forward as a way to reduce inequality while raising revenue. The revenue from this tax, which some experts will be over $4 trillion per decade, would be designated for housing, child care, health care and other government benefits. If you believe, as many do, that wealth inequality is bad, then these taxes improve society while also government coffers (金库).
A) discouraging

B) dividend
C) emotional
D) fragments
E) impaired
F) imprisoned
G) incentives
H) inherently
I) initially
J) instrumental
K) merging
L) predict
M) probably
N) pump
O) swelling


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